The technology challenges faced when recovering spilled oil offshore



Fighting offshore oil spills has so far generally been a loosing battle. The outcome has often been related to the weather, where a good storm has solved the problem through evaporation and emulsification. Where the emulsified oil ends up nobody knows, but it is generally assumed to be eaten by bacteria. In the Arabian Gulf there is a different situation. Oil spills will eventually be exposed to wind borne sand from the surrounding deserts, and then sinking due to the increase in density caused by the adhering sand. Chemical oil spill fighting resembles the above strategies in that it may move the problem away from the surface, but may again incur more severe ecosystem damage than the oil alone.

Whereas we can hope that the surface is eventually clean again without human intervention or by chemical means, most people will agree that recovering the oil is the thing to do, and much effort has been put into finding good ways to do just that. However, if you try to develop technology to do it, the major challenges are soon enough encountered:

1.Moving, handling and treating large volumes of water and oil is difficult and costly.
2.The slightest turbulence will mix water and oil.
3.Towing a fence (boom) through water at more than 1 knot will cause the oil to slip under the boom.
4.As soon as the weather acts up the oil will mix with the water and disappear from the surface.
5.Offshore operations are costly, cumbersome and prone to failure due to lack of training, unclear command structures, large forces at play and simple fatigue.
6.Technology applied is often not ocean tested and not well enough engineered for the situation.

The task is daunting and only fools would undertake it as long as you alternatively could produce soap or get a regular job. Still there are a number of teams around the world who struggle to come up with new approaches that can be developed into workable systems.

We in the OilShaver Team are in that group. The challenge is our fuel, and the harder it looks the more we are fueled. There have been plenty of setbacks, but we are optimistic and quite arrogant: “If there is a workable solution we will find it”. We think we have found it now, but we also know there will be further setbacks and limitations. But our attitude to challenges is:”Bring them on!”

Oil Boom Boom?

In Norway as in the US and Canada there is a political and popular fight going on about oil exploration in the North. The major fish stocks feed and breed in the same waters as where drilling prospects seem best, and local communities as well as political parties are split as to whether prospecting should be allowed. NOFO (Norwegian Clean Seas Association for Operating Companies) launched a 30 mill. N.Kr. Tecnology Programme in late 2009 in anticipation of questions raised by the public at large as well as politicians. Safety regarding accidents is one of the major issues, particularly since some of the most promising areas are quite close to shore. STATOIL CEO Helge Lund maintains that so far no North Sea spill has reached the coast. Still, STATOIL safety track record is not unblemished, and there is widespread popular and political skepticism to claims made by any oil company.
Obviously, the Deepwater Horizon spill has fueled this debate, and skeptics and environmentalists now can bring a strong case to market. Celebrities also join in. Movie actor Kevin Costner has become an environmental Bodyguard, and dances with industrial wolves to develop oil spill fighting equipment. Wendy Schmidt, wife of Google CEO Eric Schmidt has also joined in, launching the Wendy Schmidt Oil Cleanup X CHALLENGE, a World Championship for oil spill fighting equipment, with an objective to instigate development of the next generation of efficient and environment friendly oil spill fighting technology.
The Deepwater Horizon spill of course spawned a boom for the boom industry as well as for companies offering skimmers and other collection devices. Norwegian PVC coated fabrics manufacturing company Protan was completely sold out of oil resistant coated fabrics after the spill. Everything had been shipped out to the Gulf of Mexico. This situation will probably trail off as other issues make the news, so what will the future market situation be for emerging new technology?
Probably, good systems will sell well, while not so good systems will die a quiet death, and maybe reappear in new versions. The experiences from the massive testing that went on in the Gulf during the spill are now being analyzed by all concerned, and the greatest pitfalls have been identified and mitigated to the extent this is possible. Clogging by debris turned out to be a major shortcoming in most systems. As did low recover rates and a high fraction of water in the recovered liquid.
In Norway, several initiatives financed under the NOFO Programme fight head to head developing a new generation of offshore oil collection devises. OilShaver is one of them. In addition, the NOFI Buster system is selling well already. This creates a very competitive atmosphere in this industrial segment. The outcome remains to be seen, but our attitude is clear: Let the best team win!

The Wendy Schmidt Oil Cleanup X CHALLENGE



The OilShaver Team has registered for potential participation in the Wendy Schmidt Oil Cleanup X CHALLENGE. “Potential” because a maximum of 10 competing teams can be facilitated for the Challenge. So we wait and see if we will be picked to participate. We will know in April. But we are planning as if we will participate, as there is only time and way to get everything in order for an eventual competition that will take place in July-August, with a final among the three best teams in September, and an award ceremony where the three prices ($100,000, $300,000 and $ 1 mill.) will be awarded in October. So a World Championship it is, and we may be able to participate!

The competition will take place at the military OHMSETT facility in Leonardo, NJ, USA. This is an outdoors towing tank, 20' wide, with a towing distance of 400'. The OilShaver Team has been there already for tests, and the team and facilities are excellent. The whole tank is going to be topped off with 1” of oil, and the team that can collect the most oil per unit of time, with less than 30% of water mixed in is going to win. The tests are to be run both with and without waves.

There are obviously different comments about a competition like this. Some will say it is not relevant; that the competition rules and facilities will not emulate a spill situation well enough. We look at it differently. A system that wins this competition will have the best position to develop into a next generation system for oceanic oil spills. It will also be a great learning experience. Each team gets three days to set up and test the systems, and then to carry out the evaluation. This means that the teams at least will have their system tested by the best experts in the world, and can draw on their experience to develop ideas for improvements. Finally the contestants will know much more about what is going on in this field from their participation. And not to forget, if you win a price you may be able to improve the funding of further development, not to mention the advertising benefits of a good outcome. So the OilShaver Team goes to Leonardo, NJ if we are invited, and of course we hope to win the whole thing!